Social Entrepreneurship Within New Zealand Essay - 1808 Words

1. Introduction Social entrepreneurship within New Zealand, is a relatively new sector. Thus, it is largely an undeveloped field, and highly lacking in literary writing. The aim of this report is to clarify social entrepreneurships’ characterization and how it is defined within the New Zealand sector. Furthermore, it aims to examine constraints that an independent investor, wanting to start-up a social enterprise, in New Zealand may encounter in the current environment, including funding options. Along with the trends and factors in the macro-environment might encounter. These findings are further backed with New Zealand statistics on social enterprises, economy and social. Finishing with a recommendation based on the findings covered within. 1.1. How social entrepreneurship can be defined New Zealand’s International Affairs department released a report conducted in 2013, with the intention of answering this very question, within the scope of New Zealand. This report states that social entrepreneurship can be defined as â€Å"exist(ing) in a hybrid space, where social or environmental goals and commercial objectives come together.†(p.2). The report acknowledges that this is a very small part of what defines social entrepreneurship, though for the purpose of their survey they narrowed it down to this simplistic concept. Furthermore, the report selects three elements, to define social enterprise, these are, expressing a goal towards a social, cultural or environmental mission,Show MoreRelatedUnderstanding The Spirit Of Entrepreneurs1476 Words   |  6 Pagescontext of entrepreneurship. Baldeep’s dynamic thinking, creativity and proactive attitude have been a huge factor in the success of a whole family business nationwide. Although his race, colour, ethnic background was enough to motivate him to be an entrepreneur although his character certainly transcribed as a competent entrepreneur. Baldeep’s ability to reciprocate, long sighted vision and assertiveness towards risk was an amazing experience to understand. Baldeep landed in New Zealand in 1988 withRead MoreImportance Of Entrepreneurship During The 21st Century Essay1572 Words   |  7 Pages IMPORTANCE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP In the last two decades, the citizen sector has discovered what the industry learned long ago: Nothing is as powerful as a new idea in the hands of a first-class businessman. Social entrepreneurs are individuals with innovative solutions to the most pressing social problems of the solutions of the company. They are ambitious and persistent, tackling major social issues and offering new ideas for big changes. Instead the social needs of the government orRead MoreEntrepreneurs Are Not Made They Are Born2564 Words   |  11 Pagesinnovator of new ideas and business processes. Source: investopedia Entrepreneurs are not made they are born. The characteristics of entrepreneurs such as risk takers leadership, creative, quick decision maker and others can not taught or learn these qualities are in their blood. (Kuratko, 2005, p5) Entrepreneurship and firm creation generate jobs The creations of new businesses and the contraction or exit of less productive firms are key elements in the dynamism of modern economies. New firmsRead MoreContribution Of Entrepreneurs And New Zealand Business Environment Essay2679 Words   |  11 Pagescontribution to New Zealand’s economy and to the community by creating jobs, driving productivity, fuelling growth and inspiring others† (EY, 2014). Entrepreneurs are contributing in various ways to the business environment and some of them will be by providing employment, growing economy, innovating new technologies, creating market competitiveness and also by providing contributions to the society. Therefore, this essay is a critical evaluation of the contribution of entrepreneurs to the New Zealand businessRead MoreAssignment Questions On Health Care Sector1614 Words   |  7 Pagesdoes entrepreneurship provide to both private and public health sector as an agent of change? Illustrate your points with suitable exam ples. A real entrepreneur can take an idea and that can be change in to a service or product according to the needs of certain population. Because of this characteristic economists said that â€Å"entrepreneurship is becoming an important agent in the growth and wellbeing of the society†.an entrepreneur is motivated by family or society. They offer new completionRead MoreInnovation And The Modern Day Business Environment1547 Words   |  7 Pagesstudy would be size of firm where we discuss innovation in Small Enterprises (SE) and Large Enterprises (LE) based in New Zealand in respect to their business contexts with regards to factors that contributes to SE’s being more innovative. As defined by the Oslo Manual, innovation is the implementation of a new or improved good, service or process, a new marketing method, a new organizational method in business practice, work place organization or external relations (SCIENTIFIC, 2005). InnovationRead MoreEffectiveness of Formal Entrepreneurship Education Programmes in University Settings3378 Words   |  14 PagesEffectiveness of Formal Entrepreneurship Education Programmes in University settings: a Review of selected Literature ................................................................ Rifai A. R. M. John Mc Williams Deakin Business School Deakin University .............................................................. CONTACT: A. R. M. Rifai, PhD Candidate, Deakin Business School, Deakin University Australia. Mob: +61 4 30334388, Email: arif@deakin.edu.au Dr. John Mc Williams, SeniorRead MoreComputer, Robotics, And Automation Are Driving More And More Of Production1225 Words   |  5 Pagesdistance, boosting trade and creating new business models but also promoting outsourcing of work overseas. Internationalising labour markets are expanding the skilled labour pool. Developing commercially functional goods and services from new technologies often takes a lot longer than expected. Leveraging clean technologies to improve sustainability. Fostering entrepreneurship and addressing constraints for Kiwi companies. Addressing slow uptake of new technology due to redundancy risks or easeRead MoreCreating A Successful Business Model1583 Words   |  7 Pagesmodel requires a wide variety of detail. Numerous businesses decide simply to enter a market with standard practices and standard products that are related to a particular product or service, however, countless others attempt to innovate by creating new services or business models. Innovation is done through small-medium enterprises (SME) or through innovation-driven enterprises (IDE). The following paper will examine two broad firms and their various details regarding benefits and risks. InnovationRead MoreTourism Planning And Development Of Sustainable Development Essay1551 Words   |  7 Pagessustainable tourism planning. Not only the concepts and issues will be discuss but the short term needs and goals of sustainable development and who are the most affected. There are a lot of concepts and issues of sustainable development when it comes to social, economic, and most importantly maintaining and protecting the environment. There are many meaning things of sustainability concept to different people. Verisimilitude, the idea of sustainable development increased from numerous environmental change

The Ghost in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay - 1878 Words

The Ghost in Hamlet In Hamlet Shakespeare has designed a supernatural, ethereal character who lacks a physical existence, and yet who is a participating character in the drama. It is the Ghost, the subject of this essay. Marchette Chute in â€Å"The Story Told in Hamlet† describes the ghost’s activity prior to the opening scene of Shakespeare’s tragedy: The story opens in the cold and dark of a winter night in Denmark, while the guard is being changed on the battlements of the royal castle of Elsinore. For two nights in succession, just as the bell strikes the hour of one, a ghost has appeared on the battlements, a figure dressed in complete armor and with a face like that of the dead king of Denmark, Hamlet’s†¦show more content†¦Horatio and Marcellus make contact with Hamlet and escort him to the ramparts of Elsinore. At one a.m. the Ghost, ironically a sinner suffering in the afterlife (West 110), reveals to the protagonist the extent of the evil within Elsinore, â€Å"the human truth† (Abrams 467). The Ghost says that King Hamlet I was murdered by Claudius, who had a relationship with Gertrude prior to the murder; the ghost requests a â€Å"restorative† revenge (Gooch 1) by Hamlet: â€Å"Revenge his foul and most unnatural murder.† Ay, that incestuous, that adulterate beast, With witchcraft of his wit, with traitorous gifts,-- O wicked wit and gifts, that have the power So to seduce!--won to his shameful lust The will of my most seeming-virtuous queen: O Hamlet, what a falling-off was there! (1.5) The Ghost remains two-dimensional throughout the drama, lacking in complex temperament and motivation, which would render him â€Å"rounded† in the dramatist’s development (Abrams 33); in other words, he does not become one of Shakespeare’s â€Å"sharply etched characters† (Wilkie and Hurt 2155). Philip Edwards’ â€Å"The Ghost: Messenger from a Higher Court of Values?† explains the impact of the Ghost on the protagonist: Hamlet is galvanized into activity by the news of the appearance of a ghost that resembles hisShow MoreRelated Shakespeares Hamlet - Hamlet and the Ghost Essay2495 Words   |  10 PagesHamlet and the Ghost      Ã‚  Ã‚   This essay will analyze a very important, non-human character in Shakespeare’s tragedy, Hamlet. This is, of course, a reference to the supernatural creature, or Ghost.    A.C. Bradley in Shakespearean Tragedy discusses the quandary into which the Ghost put the protagonist:    What, it may be asked, was hamlet to do when the Ghost had left him with its commission of vengeance? The King was surrounded not merely by courtiers but by a Swiss bodyguard: howRead More The Pitiful Ghost in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay2928 Words   |  12 PagesThe Pitiful Ghost in Hamlet      Ã‚  Ã‚   In Shakespeare’s tragic drama, Hamlet, there is one character who is different from all the others. He is a supernatural being – a Ghost. His role is quite as important as anyone else’s. This essay will be devoted to an explanation of this Ghost.    Maynard Mack in â€Å"The World of Hamlet† elucidates the reader on how the Ghost introduces the problem of appearance versus reality:    The play begins with an appearance, an â€Å"apparition,† to use Marcellus’Read More Shakespeares Hamlet - The Importance of the Ghost Essay2768 Words   |  12 PagesHamlet and the Non-expendable Ghost   Ã‚   All literary critics agree that the Ghost in Shakespeare’s tragedy Hamlet is not an expendable character. Without the Ghost the show could not go on. He is absolutely essential to the plot, to ever aspect of the drama.    W.H. Clemen in â€Å"Imagery in Hamlet Reveals Character and Theme† describes the pervasive influence which the Ghost’s words have on the entire play:    Perusing the description which the ghost of Hamlet’s father gives of his poisoningRead More Significance of the Ghost to William Shakespeares Hamlet Essay1580 Words   |  7 PagesSignificance of the Ghost to William Shakespeares Hamlet In Shakespeares Hamlet, the ghost plays a key role in influencing the destinies of the other characters. The ghost is important to the play as it symbolizes both fate and catalyses the plot. It also brings the play into the revenge tragedy genre, which allows foreshadowing to occur and helps the audience, both Elizabethan and contemporary to better understand the play and appreciate it. The late King Hamlet is forcedRead More There is No Ghost in William Shakespeares Hamlet Essay examples646 Words   |  3 PagesThere is No Ghost in William Shakespeares Hamlet    Hamlet, written by William Shakespeare in the seventeenth century, is a tragedy of great proportion and great debate. When the play begins, Hamlet is moping around at home. His father recently died, his mother sinfully married her brother-in-law, and he was cheated out of the throne by his ambitious uncle. He is angry and bitter, and after initial skepticism, is more than willing to accept the ghost who seems to resemble his deceasedRead More Shakespeares Hamlet - The Ghost Of Hamlet’s Father Essay2404 Words   |  10 PagesThe Ghost Of Hamlet’s Father      Ã‚   What would Shakespeare’s tragedy, Hamlet, be like without the character of the Ghost? The drama simple wouldn’t BE! The Ghost, though not a human character in most senses of the word, is crucial for the development of the play. This essay will analyze this interesting character.    Frank Kermode in â€Å"Hamlet† fits the Ghost into the local and national scene:    But meanwhile the ghost – â€Å"this thing† – has appeared. (Horatio as skeptic raises questionsRead MoreEssay about Hamlets Struggle and Disillusionment1137 Words   |  5 PagesQUESTION: Shakespeares Hamlet continues to engage audiences through its dramatic treatment of struggle and disillusionment. In the light of your critical study, does this statement resonate with your own interpretation of Hamlet? RESPONSE: In the light of my critical study, the statement that Shakespeares Hamlet continues to engage audiences through its dramatic treatment of struggle and disillusionment resonates strongly with my own interpretation of Shakespeares play, Hamlet. It clearlyRead More The Ghost of King Hamlet Essay1301 Words   |  6 PagesThe Ghost of King Hamlet      Ã‚   Many Shakespeare plays contain ghosts, perhaps most notably and most disturbingly in Macbeth and Hamlet. The ghost in Hamlet is the apparition of prince Hamlets father, the dead King Hamlet.   However, up until the time when the ghost first appears to Hamlet, interrupting his speech and thoughts, it appears Hamlet is unaware that his father was murdered.   As the ghost intones, I am thy fathers spirit, / Doomed for a certain term to walk the night, / And for theRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet981 Words   |  4 Pagesmeanings are controversial topics of his time period. In Shakespeare’s play, Hamlet, the controversial topic that is throughout the play is religion and the afterlife. Afterlife plays a big role in Hamlet and is discussed throughout the play. Multiple authors have written on the topic of afterlife and religion in Shakespeare’s play, especially Hamlet. One author that has written on the topic is Paul Dean. In his paper, â€Å"The Afterlife of Hamlet†, he includes quotes from Stephen Greenblatt, Roy BattenhouseRead MoreHamlet Comparison Essay755 Words   |  4 PagesV.31). In Shakespeares play titled Hamlet, Lies, deception, and foul play are all encompassed into an iconic tale of revenge. The tragedy takes place in Denmark, following the death of Hamlet’s father, King Hamlet. Shortly after his death, King Hamlet’s brother Claudius marries, the Queen, who is prince Hamlet’s mother. The ghost of the dead king later shows himself to Hamlet in order to reveal that he was actually murdered by his own brother Claudius. After the ghost instructs Hamlet to avenge

Regulation Education Of Financial Advisors -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Regulation Education Of Financial Advisors? Answer: Introduction A royal commission will be launched by the Australian Government into the finance sector after reporting hundreds of cases regarding scam, over-charging and fraud of ATM and bank fees. The decision came as a relief after fraudulent transactions was held responsible for situating the whole banking sector in a menacing territory. Speculations have been going on for long, however, the decision has been implemented to elevate the banks from the abyss of forgery and cheat that had plagued it year after year. The settlement came in the wake of a series of scandals stretching over the last ten years which constantly pointed towards the flawed and incompetent structure within the banks. The Commonwealth Bank has created a gulf in public trust and confidence towards it after it failed to protect money laundering and terrorism subsidizing. The issues came to the forefront after evidences supported drawing of millions of dollars from Australia by foreign criminal syndicates that included renowned drug traffickers. Previously Maurice Blackburn Lawyers were hold responsible for conducting a brief inquiry into the internal on-goings of the banks to which Commonwealth fully agreed to co-operate according to the sources. Opposition sources have allegedly commented that the step is completely irrelevant and an extravagant step on the part of the government which will cause unnecessary distractions without solving the immediate problem at hand. They have opined that the decision can hint at the uncertainty hovering over the financial system of Australia and has the potential to jolt the confidence of offshore investors. The intervention however is promising of extracting valid answers for the loss of hundreds of millions of dollars from the common mass and other punishable offence like forging signatures, overcharging and generating fake and s investment accounts. Financial analysts have predicted that the unethical methods and delays in paying licit claims will be made crystal clear after the Royal Commissions intervention. Although the action will costs but it will be effective in detecting the disappearance of million dollars of money, as Jeff Morris, the financial planner of CBA in Sydney, hopes. On the other hand, the Royal Commission is surely a challenging and bold step which could further tumble down the economy. But again there is the all pervasive question regarding the resolution of a conflict that has tangled millions of public money. On the positive side, one can rely on the deep inquiry that the Commission has promised to conduct which would place the banks under some serious scrutiny. According to mass opinion it is a imperative considering the current circumstances even though at the expense of the reputation of Australian banking sector. An alternative to the conflicting situation could have been a tight security from the Australian Government, setting up of a competent panel and to resolve the issue internally so as to avoid the intervention in full glare. It is true that the scenario has taken a dramatic shape in the absence of frameworks and policies within the nations strongest baking group as the opposition contends, but right what could have been the other way of seeking justice The Financial Review The governments decision to bring in the Royal Commission within the Commonwealth Bank has been applauded by Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull who is hopeful that it would save the banking sector from falling into the pit of treachery and fraud. The inquiry will supposedly dig into the depth of damages caused to the common mass by some of the prestigious and eminent institutions of Australia, hopefully by February 2019. The Royal Commission has been however, given tenure of 12 months to report the government with its findings. During the last decade there has been enormous amount of political pressure and corruption which brought uncertainty for the country. According to Turnbull, the step was regrettable yet necessary to extract information regarding discrepancies going on in the financial service sector. The Royal Commission involvement is bound to be free from political influences or individual interests. The commission is the only reliable option right now for the people who are waiting for a compensation fund from the banks who have abused public money and trust. The Liberal National Party supporters therefore have reasons enough to stand in unity to support the intercession of Royal Commission. Irrespective of negativities the Commission is sure to go to the roots of the issue and conduct a systematic inquiry into the series of misconducts which involves public money laundering and creation of duplicate accounts. The political environment is surely not in favor of the Commission. People have reasons enough to belief that the bold decision will bear strength to bring forth the corrupted institutions of power documents and witnesses. It is perhaps for the first time that a reputed profit-earning company is being subject to this massive amount of speculation and scrutiny. The case is an astounding exposure of the Frankenstein nature of high technology. It is true that that the Commission will be headed by and highly-estimated judicial officers there are sufficient reasons to support the judiciousness of the opposition. The decision will hamper Australias relation to other countries. There are possibilities for the foreigners to lose faith from Australian finance sector and will be discouraged from investing here. There already have been rounds of opposed decision which have stated that although the fresh inquiry will bring an answer from the small and large scale banks, yet it would be expensive a move. Arguments have been going on regarding the audacity of the move elaborating in detail clouds hovering over the final judgment of the Commission and its accuracy in bringing forth effective solution to the crisis. The same would also be responsible for casting the entire banking and financial sector in a negative light which will tremendously affect Australian economy and growth at a global level. It would positively generate further chaos within the commoners who fail to understand the intricacies of a banking operation. Why invest on the Commission that will be bound to deplete resources and management time? Was there not other solutions to reinstate public confidence in the banks which also happen to be the highest taxpayers in Australia? References Kaczynski, D., Salmona, M., Smith, T. (2014). Qualitative research in finance. Australian Journal of Management, 39(1), 127-135. Matthews, A. (2016). The financial services industry: Whistleblowing and calls for a royal commission. Precedent (Sydney, NSW), (136), 35. McIlroy, J. (2017). Bank inquiry aimed at heading off royal commission. Green Left Weekly, (1151), 2. McIlroy, J. (2017). Re-nationalise the commonwealth bank. Green Left Weekly, (1149), 11. Rogers, D., Lee, C. L., Yan, D. (2015). The politics of foreign investment in Australian housing: Chinese investors, translocal sales agents and local resistance. Housing Studies, 30(5), 730-748. Schlagwein, D., Thorogood, A., Willcocks, L. P. (2014). How Commonwealth Bank of Australia Gained Benefits Using a Standards-Based, Multi-Provider Cloud Model. MIS Quarterly Executive, 13(4). Steen, A., McGrath, D., Wong, A. (2016). Market Failure, Regulation and Education of Financial Advisors. Australasian Accounting Business Finance Journal, 10(1), 3. Xiang, D., Worthington, A. C., Higgs, H. (2015). Discouraged finance seekers: An analysis of Australian small and medium-sized enterprises. International Small Business Journal, 33(7), 689-707.

Turkey Religion Essays - Islam, Religion, Sharia, Islam In Turkey

Turkey Religion Religion Islam is a monotheistic religion practiced by Muslims. They believe that Allah gave revelations to the Prophet Muhammed through the Angel Gabriel around A.D. 600. Jesus Christ and the prophets of the New Testament are accepted as Islamic precepts. During their rule of the Ottoman Empire, Islamic laws dictated the way of life for the Turks. In 1924 with the new republic government, Islamic Law was abolished as a state religion. The government removed religion from public policy and restricted it exclusively to personal faith. This led to the abolishment of the religion's hierarchy and the closing and confiscation of the lodges, meeting places and monasteries as well as outlawing their rituals and meetings. The government restricted religious public attire for men and women as well as trying to substitute Turkish words for Arabic words of Islamic origin. This was a swift and harsh attempt at change. During the 1940's there was a relaxation of some political controls and by the 1950's people wanted to return to traditional religious practice. In fact starting in the 1950's religious education was made compulsory in secondary schools and in 1982 it was extended to primary schools as well. A lot of the controversy that followed was found in the universities. Female students committed to Islam began to cover their heads and necks with scarves and long overcoats. This lead to the regulations in 1987, forbid female students to cover their heads in class. Protests by other religious students and professors overturned the dress code in the 1990's. Today, a Turkish woman's dress has become the center of much debate. (Bollag,B., January 8, 1999). The Muslim religion accounts for 99% of the population in Turkey. Non-Muslim's religions include: Christians, Protestants and Jews. The members of these religions usually reside in a single area and are very small in number.

75 Names of Unusual or Obsolete Occupations

75 Names of Unusual or Obsolete Occupations 75 Names of Unusual or Obsolete Occupations 75 Names of Unusual or Obsolete Occupations By Mark Nichol The English language abounds with word describing occupations and professions that are rare or obsolete or are otherwise unusual and hence obscure. Here is an incomplete but extensive list of such terms, along with brief definitions. 1. ackerman: a plowman or oxherder 2. alewife: a proprietor of a tavern 3. alnager: a wool inspector 4. arkwright: a carpenter specializing in wooden chests 5. bowyer: a bowmaker 6. brazier: a brass worker 7. catchpole: an official who pursues those with delinquent debts 8. caulker: someone who packs seams in ships or around windows 9. chandler: a candlemaker, or a retail supplier of specific equipment 10. chiffonier: a wigmaker 11. cobbler: a shoemaker 12. collier: a coal miner or a maker of charcoal (also, a ship that transports coal) 13. cooper: a maker or repairer of barrels, casks, and tubs 14. cordwainer: a shoemaker 15. costermonger: a fruit seller 16. crocker: a potter 17. currier: a leather tanner, or a horse groom 18. draper: a cloth dealer 19. drayman: a driver of a heavy freight cart 20. drummer: a traveling salesman 21. duffer: a peddler 22. eggler: an egg seller 23. factor: an agent or steward 24. farrier: someone who trims horse hooves and puts on horseshoes 25. fishmonger: a fish seller 26. fletcher: a maker of arrows 27. fuller: someone who shrinks and thickens wool cloth 28. glazier: a glassmaker or window maker 29. haberdasher: an owner of or worker in a store for men’s clothing or small items used for making clothes 30. hawker: a peddler 31. hayward: an official responsible for fences and hedges 32. higgler: a peddler of dairy products and small game (also, a haggler, or someone who negotiates for lower prices) 33. hobbler: a person who tows boats on a canal or river 34. hooper: a maker of hoops for barrels, casks, and tubs 35. hostler or ostler: one who cares for horses or mules, or moves or services locomotives (originally, an innkeeper, who also maintained stables) 36. huckster: a peddler (now refers to a con artist) 37. ice cutter: someone who saws blocks of ice for refrigeration 38. ironmonger: a seller of items made of iron 39. joiner: a carpenter who specializes in furniture and fittings 40. keeler: a crew member on a barge or a keelboat 41. knacker: one who buys animals or animal carcasses to use as animal food or as fertilizer (originally, a harness maker or saddle maker) 42. knocker-up: a professional waker, who literally knocks on doors or windows to rouse people from sleep 43. lamplighter: someone who lights, extinguishes, and refuels gas street lamps 44. lapidary: a jeweler 45. lector: someone who reads to factory workers for entertainment 46. log driver: someone who floats and guides logs downriver for transportation 47. milliner: a designer, maker, or seller of women’s hats 48. muleskinner: a wagon driver 49. peruker: a wigmaker 50. pinsetter: someone who sets bowling pins back up after each bowl 51. plowright: a maker of plows and other farm implements 52. plumber: originally, one who installed lead roofing or set lead frames for windows 53. porter: a doorkeeper or gatekeeper 54. puddler: a worker in wrought iron 55. quarryman: a stonecutter 56. raker: a street cleaner 57. resurrectionist: someone who digs up recently buried corpses for use as cadavers 58. ripper: a fish seller 59. roper: a maker of nets and ropes 60. sawyer: a carpenter 61. slater: a roofer 62. slopseller: a seller of ready-made clothing, as opposed to a tailor 63. stevedore: a dockworker 64. tanner: someone who cures animal hides to make leather 65. teamster: a wagon driver 66. thatcher: someone who makes thatched roofs 67. tinker: a repairer or seller of small metal goods such as pots and pans 68. turner: someone who uses a lathe to turn wood for balustrades and spindles 69. victualer: an innkeeper, or a merchant who provides food for ships or for the military 70. wainwright: a wagon maker 71. webster: a weaver 72. weirkeeper: a fish trapper 73. wharfinger: an owner or operator of a wharf 74. wheelwright: a maker of wheels for carriages and wagons 75. whitesmith: a worker of tin Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Apply to, Apply for, and Apply withHow to Play HQ Words: Cheats, Tips and Tricks15 English Words of Indian Origin

Answers to Questions About Writing Fiction

Answers to Questions About Writing Fiction Answers to Questions About Writing Fiction Answers to Questions About Writing Fiction By Mark Nichol Here are three questions from DailyWritingTips.com readers about aspects of fiction writing, each followed by my response. 1. When it comes to fiction dialogue, do any grammatical rules apply? Generally, dialogue in fiction should be consistent with the speech patterns and habits of the individual characters; that’s one way to convey their personalities, and such idiosyncrasy provides a note of authenticity. Search DailyWritingTips.com for â€Å"dialogue† to find numerous posts on the topic. 2. I have always thought that when writing dialogue and a character’s speech runs into multiple paragraphs, each paragraph should begin and end with quotation marks. However, recently I’ve seen it published where the first paragraph ends with no quotes but the second one begins and ends with them. Which is the correct way? The way you’ve seen it recently is standard: â€Å"First, second, and all other paragraphs except for the final one. â€Å"Final paragraph.† All paragraphs but the final one are left open because including a close quotation mark might lead a reader to believe that the quotation is final and that the next paragraph consists of a different character’s speech. The lack of a closing mark at the end of one paragraph and the use of an opening mark in the subsequent paragraph signals that the speech is continuing. It’s a good idea, however, to toss in an attribution or some stage business to identify the speaker now and then in an extended speech or in a conversation involving more than two speakers. 3. Why is it a crime to use a clichà © in a novel? We all use clichà ©s in talking with people, so why the big no-no when writing? In social situations and other informal environments, â€Å"lazy† language is acceptable it’s a lot of work to keep up careful discourse. The same is true with casual writing. But novels should be written with the utmost care, even if the tone is colloquial, with language that is as fresh and original as possible. Occasional idioms are acceptable, but strive to find your own way of expressing a thought or conjuring an image. Ultimately, the choice is up to you, but reader response (or lack thereof) may change your mind. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Bare or Bear With Me?15 Words for Household Rooms, and Their Synonyms25 Idioms with Clean

Sweatshop Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Sweatshop Economy - Essay Example One summons ‘moral and political’ dimensions to the argument since if and when progressive changes are brought about in the conditions of sweatshops, the role of moral and political leaders will be significant for such changes. Corporations are amoral on the one hand and are the pillars of political establishments on the other and the conflict of interests is right in front of us. One has to resolve this conflict, understand the mindset of eastern world before moving to help ease woking conditions in sweatshops. Economic realities Globalization of economies of the world has effectively broken international barriers. As natural as water finding its own level, corporations around the world drift towards cheapest possible resources for their operations. Both raw materials and labor, two of the fundamental factors of production, are available in plenty in the third world countries. End of colonialism in the mid-sixties ensured that the developed countries of the West have to find other ways and means to sustain the high living standards of their citizens.

Group assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Group - Assignment Example In contrast, instrumental values are strategic values that â€Å"provide the rationale† for the activities of the organization and link the organization to the environment and its stakeholders† (p. 389). The role of management is to communicate these values explicitly through dissemination of policies and procedures that provide guidelines in their adherence. Likewise, through functions of planning, organizing, directing and controlling, management should monitor the performance of employees according to well-defined standards that safeguard compliance to corporate values. The work environment, should therefore be designed to structure strategies that faciliate commitment to these values. This is made possible through structuring clearly explicit mission, vision, and values statements; as well as policies and procedures with a code of discipline. All of these structural guidelines would direct employees in exhibiting work ethics and behavior which would ensure that these values are ingrained and imbibed in the conduct of their responsibilities towards each other and in interactions with other

Console Games vs PC Games Essay Example for Free

Console Games vs PC Games Essay Let’s start with the console’s themselves. Maybe you’ve heard it before, but some people say PC-gaming is dying. Can PC games still compete with Console games? Gamers have never been so spoiled for choice. While the console vs. PC war has been around for ages, consoles today have bridged the gap by finally providing decent multiplayer capabilities. Is this the end of the PC as the dominant gaming machine? Gaming has been around for a long time. It is serious business nowadays. With a host of companies creating everything from award-winning games to those collaborating with businesses on workforce training and development, the area is poised for continued success. And we are creating this success by buying all kinds of games. So what is the difference between the total price of playing games on a console or on a PC? While it is possible to get a PC at about the same cost of a console, it would be such a stripped down version that it wouldnt be able to play the latest games. Consoles such as the Nintendo Wii, PS3 and Xbox360 still offer the best price in terms of gaming power. Even if you buy a 800 pounds PC, it would only be able to play the latest games for about three years. If you look only at the three biggest consoles, the Nintendo Wii is the cheapest console, starting at about 180 pounds. The Xbox 360 will cost you about 200 pounds and a Playstation 3 about 250 pounds. Certainly the Xbox 360 and the PS3 would be able to play the latest games for many more years. Well, there actually is a way to expand the time you can play games on your PC, but it will only cost you more money. A PC has the availability to upgrade. For example, you can change the graphics card for a newer one. This is the most important part of a PC for playing games. This will not cost you as much as buying a total new PC, but in total it will still be way more expansive than a console. But one thing is cheaper for the PC-gamers in comparison to for example Xbox 360-gamers and that is that you have to pay to play online multiplayer games on a Xbox. In most situations this will be free for a PC game. So maybe you are asking now if there are any more advances of playing games on a PC instead of a console. Of course there are. There are still way more games available for the PC than for consoles. On a PC with windows as operating system, you can play like almost every game that exist for windows, even older versions of windows. But on a console you probably can’t play previous generation games. When for example the first PS3 was announced it actually could play PS2 games, but Sony removed this option quite quick. Another reason to play games on a PC is that if you have a very expansive PC it can probably play games with better graphics, but at that point you are limited to the games that are already playable. Future games will probably need a better pc to play it on full resolution. A PC is also the only option for playing big online games where thousands of people can meet each other online, like World of Warcraft. This just isn’t possible (yet) on consoles. You’re choice for playing games on a console or a PC can also depent on the controller. Whereas you play with the traditional keyboard and mouse on a PC, you can play with other kinds of controllers on consoles. The Wii is the best example of that with the motion sensitive Wii remote. There is also a different kind of consoles for playing ‘on the road’. These are called handhelds and aren’t very powerfull, but their advantage is their portability.

Free Essays - Love and Hate in A Tale of Two Cities :: Tale Two Cities Essays

Love and hate are both emotions that are used in our attempt to express ourselves to certain people. Like it or not, although hate is more sinister of the two, without hate, the scales would be upset. We cannot always get the best of everything. However, in the novel " A Tale of Two Cities" by Charles Dickens, hate only adds to the story's appeal. In the novel, both emotions are displayed by the characters in the book through the actions they carry out and the words that they speak, even though it can be justified that there are more examples of love than hate. The love between Lucie Manette and her father, as well as that of Charles Darney and Lucie and indeed many other characters are just some of the many examples of love. The more baleful emotion of hate is also revealed many times in the novel, by the French commoners and especially by Madame Defarge when it came to Charles Darney being an aristocrat and the suffering of her own family. The first strong example of love we read about in the novel is that of Lucie Manette and her father, Dr Manette who has been kept in the Bastille for eighteen years. Lucie meets him with the help of another character, Mr Javis Lorry, and tells her father that his agony is over and that she'll bring him to London and away from his previous sufferings. Later in the story, the night before Lucie is to be wedded to Charles Darney, we learn that Lucie has saved her last day as a single woman to be with her father and to reassure him that she'll still be with him even though she is to be married. "Lucie was to be married tomorrow. She had reserved this last evening for her father, and they sat alone under the plane-tree."( Pg 174 ) Throughout the whole conversation with her father that evening, it is evident that her love for her father prevails even that between Charles and herself. "If I had never seen Charles, my father, I should have been quite happy with you."( Pg 175 ) The affection for her father does not go only one way. Her father's for Lucie is also clear as we can see by the following quote: "Quite sure my darling! More than that, my future is far brighter, Lucie, seen through your marriage, than it could have been - nay, than it ever

How Does Stevenson Explore The Notion Of Duality Throughout The Novel Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde? Essay

Robert Louis Stevenson is renowned all over the world today for his contributions to English literature; he makes his skill evident in his ability to utilize the duality of soul concept through example of one Henry Jekyll, showing in many ways what can and does happen when Jekyll decides to experiment with the aspect of his evil side and bring it to the surface as the twisted character of Edward Hyde; incorporating the interplay of good and evil, in his novel Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, published in 1886. Stevenson creates an effective mystery tale set in Victorian London and does this by presenting sub themes that relate to the central theme of duality. He keeps readers engaged with the developing plot and unravels pieces of the puzzle as the story unfolds, creating an effective mystery tale while his emotions are shown as the nature of humankind and Victorian moralities are explained in one of the most famous novels of the present day. In the story I have noted that Stevenson presents the reader with the complexities of human nature through his portrayal of characters. For example, he describes Utterson as being â€Å"dreary, and, yet somehow lovable†, he then reveals that although he â€Å"enjoyed the theatre† he had not been for â€Å"twenty years†. These descriptions are contradictory and reveal that Utterson has two sides to his personality, one of which he now seeks to suppress, the other a respectable, reliable and responsible man. I believe that Stevenson needs readers to relate to and rely on Utterson as he is the most frequent narrator of the story, therefore he presents him with this censored past where he used to be much more outgoing, yet now he is old and respectable. Also, Victorians were much more impressionable than people of the present day, therefore Utterson’s upkeep of his respectable, sensible side to his personality publicly and the fact that he â€Å"drank gin when he was alone†, which helps us to warm to him even more, was vital to Stevenson’s success in displaying the central theme of Duality through the sub themes of Suppression and Respectability, explored through the character of Dr. Utterson. I think this is successful because even in a character such as Utterson, who we all come to empathise with and rely on, can be susceptible to duality, just as any human being can, therefore it makes us think and question ourselves. Another way in which Stevenson represents Duality is through the setting of the door in the first chapter; aptly titled â€Å"Story of The Door†. The door is situated on a typical, fairly rich Victorian street which is described to have â€Å"cleanliness and gaiety of note†, this gives the impression that this area has a reputation to upkeep, however, the splendid view of the street is ruined by a door which stands out somewhat, â€Å"Blistered and distained† with â€Å"prolonged and sordid negligence†. This description uses great imagery that causes an impact on the reader. One interpretation a reader could have is that, despite the cleanliness and class of the street, duality is shown in the fact that behind closed doors things may not always be what they seem, therefore the are two sides, one which seeks to suppress what is really going on inside, and one which has a respectable reputation to uphold; just like the character of Dr. Utterson. Also, this could be representation of how rich and poor live so close together, as in Victorian times a rich street could be directly adjacent to a poor, therefore Stevenson is demonstrating how different these classes are, yet they are living closely together, another way in which duality is explained. Furthermore, Stevenson could also be relating to his previous life in his hometown of Edinburgh, which was divided into poor and rich, old and new by a single river. Stevenson, who lived on the rich and new side often ventured into the other and gained an insight on how different the two sides were, whilst seeking his inner temptations and leading a double life, therefore duality was recognised within himself. We know that the door is significant in this chapter and it is evident in the fact that the chapter is named about it, therefore it makes us realised that it is important for a reason, and that reason is to represent duality further in a setting. This is successful as there are many different interpretations to make, yet all lead to the same conclusion of duality, and this chapter is vital in letting readers know that duality is, and will be, the key to the story. A further way in which Stevenson explores duality is in the structure of the novel. The novel’s structure is unique in the fact that it isn’t written entirely in first person, as it would have been possible to tell the story in the manner of a confession from Jekyll’s point of view. We are limited to Utterson when reading in an omniscient view for the first eight chapters, however after this in Chapter 9 it switches to first person, where we read â€Å"Dr Llanyon’s Narrative†, and after this it is again first person, where we hear from Dr. Henry Jekyll himself. The structural and linguistic devices employed by Stevenson create an unusual atmosphere of controlled suspense, which surrounds the story. The gradual building up of horror and destruction is achieved through a slow accumulation of unemotional detail. The fact that the story is written in the view of three different, distinct people gives it three different endings, making us go back in time to read from another point of view, this uncovers more of the story and keeps the reader engaged as they can finally see behind the closed doors and find out what they have been dying to find out throughout the story. This notion of suspense keeps the genre of mystery intact as only minor clues are given away until the three different endings, each one gathering more evidence, this is extremely successful because of this and further benefits the theme of duality, and of course mystery. Robert Louis Stevenson’s tale can be interpreted as a coherent warning to Victorian society of the potential effect of such asphyxiated social, ethical and moral conventions and I would agree that some of these still exist today. Through the use of the sub-themes of characters, setting and structure Stevenson makes us realise that duality is present within ourselves, and can be dangerous at times. Furthermore, he explores what it means to be human thus ensuring that his mysterious tale is as revealing, relevant and enjoyable to a reader in 21st century as it was in the 19th.

Dramatic principle Essay

The Prelude is a long autobiographical poem, described the poet’s love of nature and his own place in the world order. â€Å"Dust as we are, the immortal spirit grows Like harmony in music; there is a dark Inscrutable workmanship that reconciles Discordant elements, makes them cling together In one society. † The Prelude had a great influence in prose poetry (Nichols 66 as quoted by Moore). Lyrical dialogue can be observed in it which shows that through Prelude, he wanted to move away from the monologic lyric. His breaking out from the monologic lyric has created the prose poem. The significant idea that the form of the poem should reflect the experience is denoted by his short poems (Rehder 179 as quoted by Moore). He desired for irregular forms to experience uniqueness (Rehder 206 as quoted by Moore). The poetic genres free verse and prose poetry are actually developed from that idea of uniqueness. Robert Browning had won himself the reputation of a dramatic poet and was able to produce the dramatic monologues. Though at his time a dramatic monologue was not yet a genre, this is considered now as a poetic genre with intriguing characteristics in a sense that it gripped the minds of the scholars. This genre has a characteristic of modern criticism. However, modern criticism stresses on the dramatic part, the dramatic monologue stresses the lyrical characteristics. His monologues incorporate action and conflict in the drama thus it involves outpouring of emotions. It is clearly evident in his work that it is a mixture of lyrical and dramatic (Abou-Bakr). Browning’s collection the Dramatic Lyrics shows his concept of poetic genre particularly about being lyrical and dramatic. It seems that Browning saw the dramatic principle by employing the creation of fictional characters who will take the role of the speaking voice I his poems. These characters or the so-called personae are the ones giving the lyrical utterances or expressions. To Browning, lyrical and dramatic can be differentiated by its proximity from the poet himself. The Confessional exposes not the sin of the persona however it reveals the sin of the priest. It was actually lightened by the humor incorporated in it. You think Priests just and holy men! Before they put me in this den I was a human creature too, With flesh and blood like one of you, A girl that laughed in beauty’s pride Like lilies in your world outside. The father’s head was long and white, With love and truth his brow seemed bright; He told me what he would not tell For hope of heaven or fear of hell; And I lay listening in such pride! And, soon as he had left my side, Tripped to the church by morning-light To save his soul in his despite. Wordsworth’s and Browning’s work are similar in some ways but different in most ways. The main difference of their works is the genre itself. Wordsworth is employing lyrical dialogue in his poems in which he can be one of the persons in the dialogue. He is very effective in showing the beauty of what can be seen due to fact that his poetry are all about those he had highest regard and those he got involve with. His works tell truths of what is truly a happening and there is enthusiasm on it. He developed the prose poetry by employing dialogue in his poems. Browning is more focused on describing what is truly felt. His works dwell on emotions felt by a person in a certain situation. He developed the dramatic monologue which becomes the basis for modern criticism. In his works he makes use of personae to represent the person in the poem. These are actually fictional characters which speak for and express the emotion in the poem. He diverged from what is called tradition of poetry and tried to present his poem in a different view. Works Cited Abou-Bakr, Randa. â€Å"2001. American University in Cairo. Accessed February 8, 2008, from http://www. thefreelibrary. com/ Robert+Browning’s+%22 Dramatic+Lyrics%22: +Contribution+to+a+Genre-a082322117 Brians, Paul. â€Å"Romanticism. † 1998. Accessed Februry 9, 2008, from http://www. wsu. edu /~brians/ hum_303/romanticism. html Moore, Dena L. â€Å"William Wordsworth’s Contribution to Prose Poetry. 2002. Accessed February 8, 2008, from http://www. authorsden. com/visit/viewarticle. asp? AuthorID=3247&id=5659 â€Å"Romantic Movement. † 21st Century Universal Encyclopedia. Eight Edition, 1994. â€Å"Socialist Realism. † 21st Century Universal Encyclopedia. Eight Edition, 1994. â€Å"Social Realism. † Accessed February 9, 2008 from, http://www. freeessays . cc/db/6/ame195. shtml

Analysis Of A Christmas Carol Essays

Analysis Of A Christmas Carol Essays Analysis Of A Christmas Carol Essay Analysis Of A Christmas Carol Essay Essay Topic: A Christmas Carol I think this is very noble of him because Bob Cratchitt wouldve been very grateful to him and this also would have changed the rest of the Cratchitts family, especially Mrs Cratchitt (who expressed her great dislike of Scrooge on Christmas day) perception of him. However Scrooge does not want this glory because it defeats the object of sending the turkey he wishes to remain anonymous. He also learns that Christmas is a time for forgiveness and for being with family. He went to church, and walked about the streets, and watched the people hurrying to and fro, and patted the children on the head, and questioned beggars, and looked and looked down into the kitchens of houses, and up to the window; and found that everything could yield him pleasure. He already knows that there is no profit in celebrating Christmas, however he now realises that this is not the point and he should appreciate the joy that the Christmas season conveys. He finds delight in everything, even things that previously vexed him. He never dreamed that any walk that anything could give him so much happiness. Now with this quote it sounds pretty pointless with a lack of emphasis yet if you look it will become apparent that the little things are beginning to affect his beliefs on Christmas and what its consequences are (not in a bad way). Furthermore, it was showing that he would never even dream of changing his actions towards Christmas so therefore with that, it obviously shows with the dramatic information he has had inflicted on him, has really motivated him for the Christmas season. I think in general Dickens is trying to tell the Victorian audience that it is possible to change for the better. He shows this through Scrooge when he pays a visit to Fred, his nephew. He was at home in five minutes. Nothing could be heartier Wonderful party, wonderful games, wonderful unanimity, won-der-ful happiness! Here I think Scrooge is in disbelief that his nephew still wants to know him and doesnt denounce him because of what he said earlier when his nephew visited him in his office. And so we learn that there is change in everybody and sometimes it can be a surprise.

Types of Spanish Pronouns

Types of Spanish Pronouns Almost all of us like to take shortcuts, and thats one way to think about what pronouns are: In both Spanish and English, theyre usually a shorter and quicker way of referring to a noun. Common pronouns in English include he, she, what, that and yours, all of which usually would be replaced by longer words or more words if we didnt have the pronouns at our disposal. Spanish and English Pronouns Compared In general, pronouns in Spanish function much as they do in English. They can fulfill any role in a sentence that a noun can, and some of them vary in form depending on whether theyre used as a subject or an object. Probably the biggest difference is that in Spanish most pronouns have gender, whereas in English the only gendered pronouns are he, she, he, and him. If a pronoun has gender, it is the same as that of the noun to which it refers. (In English, gendered pronouns nearly always refer to people are animals, although it is possible to refer to a few personified objects by gender, such as when a ship or a nation is referred to as she instead of it.) In Spanish, there are also a few neuter pronouns that can be used to refer to an unknown object or to ideas or concepts. In the list of pronoun types below, be aware that many of the pronouns can have more than one translation, many English pronouns can have more than one Spanish equivalent, and not all pronouns are listed in the examples. For example, the English me can be translated as both me and mà ­, depending on the context, and the Spanish lo can be translated as him, or it. Not all Spanish pronouns are listed here, but enough to convey how others would be classified. Note also that many of these words that function as pronouns, particularly the indefinite and relative pronouns, can serve as other parts of speech. Types of Pronouns Pronouns can be classified as to how they are used, and all of these classifications apply to both Spanish and English. Note that some pronouns, such as me and ella, can be more than one type of pronoun. Subject pronouns replace the subject of a sentence. Examples include yo (I), tà º (you), à ©l (he), ella (she), ellos (they), and ellas (they). Yo quiero salir. (I want to leave. I or yo replaces the name of the person speaking.) Demonstrative pronouns replace a noun while also pointing to it. Examples include à ©ste (this), à ©sta (this), à ©sa (that), and aquà ©llos (those). Note that many demonstrative pronouns have written or orthographic accents on the stressed vowel. Although such accents used to be considered mandatory, these days they are treated as optional if they can be omitted without causing confusion. Quiero à ©sta. I want this. (Ésta or this replaces the name of the object the speaker is referring to.) Verbal object pronouns functions as the object of a verb. Examples include lo  (him or it), la  (her or it), me (me), and los (them). Lo no puedo ver. (I cant see it. Lo or it replaces the name of the unseen object.) Reflexive pronouns are used when the direct object and the subject of a verb refer to the same person or thing. They are used much more in Spanish than in English. Examples include me (myself), te (yourself), and se (himself, herself, themselves). Juan se baà ±a. (John is bathing himself. John is the subject of the sentence, and he is performing the action of the verb on himself.) Prepositional object pronouns are used as objects of a preposition. Examples include mà ­ (me), ella (her), and nosotros (us). Raà ºl lo comprà ³ para nosotros. (Raà ºl bought it for us. Nosotros and us are the objects of the prepositions para and for, respectively.) Prepositional reflexive pronouns are used when the object of a preposition following a verb refers back to the verbs subject. Examples include mà ­ (myself) and sà ­ (himself, herself, itself, themselves). Marà ­a lo comprà ³ para sà ­ mismo. (Marà ­a bought it for herself. Sà ­ and herself are the objects of para and for, respectively, and refer back to Marà ­a, the sentences subject. Possessive pronouns refer to something owned or possessed by someone or something. Examples include mà ­o (mine), mà ­a (mine), mà ­os (mine), mà ­as (mine), and suyo (his, hers, theirs). La mà ­a es verde. Mine is green. (Mà ­a and mine refer to the object possessed. The feminine form in Spanish is used here because it refers to an object name that is feminine. The possessive pronouns in Spanish are usually preceded by el, la, los, or las, especially when they are subjects.) Indefinite pronouns refer to nonspecific people or things. Examples include algo (something), nadie (nobody), alguien (anybody), todo (all), todas (all), uno (one), unos (some), and ninguno (none). Nadie puede decir que su vida es perfecta. (Nobody can say his life is perfect.) Relative pronouns introduces a clause that gives more information about a noun or pronoun. Examples include que (that, which, who, whom), quien (who, whom), cuyo (whose), cuyas (whose), donde (where), and lo cual (which, that which). Nadie puede decir que su vida es perfecta. (Nobody can say that his life is perfect. The relative pronouns here are que and that. The clause su vida es perfecta gives more information about nadie.) Interrogative pronouns are used in questions. Examples include cul (what), quià ©n (what), and cundo (when). Spanish interrogative pronouns use an orthographic accent. Cul es tu problema? (What is your problem?)

Application of Criminological Theory Case Study

Application of Criminological Theory - Case Study Example On my part, I would have opted to expel Robert immediately. However, my background in criminology prevents me from doing so. Theories of criminology are like lenses of different shades, sizes, and colors. They allow professionals and practitioners to look at an issue with a wider perspective. This is what I am obliged to do. I will consult the different applicable theories, compare and contrast their approaches, and finally I will state my decision in this hypothetical situation. In many ways, some of these theories contradict each other. Sometimes, they complement each other. Nevertheless, these should be thoroughly studied so that growth in knowledge can be attained. And, it is true: criminology can really be applied to many situations; it is not just a course for would be police officers or Crime Scene Investigation people. Strain is the pressure on disadvantaged minority groups and the lower urban populous to take advantage of any effective available means to income and success that they can find even if these means are illegal (Akers, 2000, in Collins, n.d.). With this theory, perhaps, Robert's disadvantaged origins game him a social stigma. Perhaps, I should look whether this student he beat up had previous mischief done to Robert, Robert just kept quiet, and he retaliated because he does not trust his teachers. But this is insufficient in itself. After all, this is just a hypothesis, and I must verify this later. Classical School of Criminology The classical school simply states that criminal behavior arises from the animal side of us. Humans are rational, but they usually act with their self-interest in mind. Consequently, if people are informed of the consequences of certain actions, they will avoid doing it. Thus, the concept of deterrence arises from the Classical School. Deterrence means a crime can be avoided by making sure that people are aware that punishment for a certain crime is so severe that doing it is not really worth it. (The Classical School, 1998). Perhaps, Robert is not really aware of the consequences of such anti-social behavior. If so, I will consider emphasizing to the students the consequences of such behavior. My would-be initial reaction would not be a far-fetched choice after-all. If this theory were to be followed, the school must punish Robert so severely so that no other student, privileged or not, will ever consider doing such behavior in the future. Also, in such event, I will review whether the disciplinary system is outdated and ineffective. I will form a committee to draft a new set of disciplinary rules, if such conclusions are also reached in an investigation. William Sheldon: Body Shapes Simply put, certain features of the body are determinants of criminal behavior. In particular, criminals usually have big, athletic, or overweight bodies. However, this theory is put in doubt. Some theories say that instead of Sheldon's somatype, it should be body mass index. (Maddan, S., Walker, J., and Miller, J., 2008) But this theory is not applicable since Robert is not really that huge or overweight or athletic. He is just an average guy, if you do not know